Foods That Fight Osteoarthritis part 2
Beta-carotene is another antioxidant that also seems to help reduce the risk of osteoarthritis progression.
- Beta-carotene is found in red, yellow, and orange fruits and vegetables (pumpkin, cantaloupe, peppers, carrots) and many dark-green leafy vegetables (spinach, kale, Romaine lettuce).
- While most adults need about 2,330 International Units (IU) of beta-carotene each day, osteoarthritis experts recommend9,000 IU of beta-carotene daily. Use the following chart as a reference guide to meet your needs. (Please note that while some foods have high levels of beta-carotene, it is non-toxic. Your body will only utilize what it needs.)
| Beta Carotene Sources | IU |
| Sweet potato (baked), 1 medium | 28,058 |
| Carrots (cooked), 1 cup | 26,835 |
| Spinach (boiled), 1 cup | 22,916 |
| Kale (boiled), 1 cup | 19,116 |
| Pumpkin pie, 1 slice | 12,431 |
| Carrot (raw), 1 medium | 8,666 |
| Butternut Squash (boiled), 1 cup | 8,014 |
| Spinach (raw), 1 cup | 2,813 |
| Mango, 1 cup sliced | 1,262 |
| Oatmeal, 1 pack instant | 947 |
| Tomato juice, 6 oz | 819 |
| Peach, 1 medium | 319 |
| Red pepper, 3" ring | 313 |
Vitamin D is necessary for proper calcium absorption and bone structure, which are crucial in proper joint functioning. A low intake of vitamin D appears to increase cartilage loss.
- Vitamin D is known as the sunshine vitamin because your body can make it when your skin is exposed to ultraviolet sunlight—all you need is 15 minutes of exposure (face, arms and legs), without wearing SPF (it blocks your ability to make this conversion), three to four times a week. However, it may be difficult for some to meet the suggested daily exposure, including people who do not get outdoors much, people who are bundled up during the winter months with little sun exposure, and for older people whose skin is less efficient at this conversion.
- Fortified milk and cereals, eggs, tuna, and fish-liver oils all help the body obtain vitamin D. Supplements are another option, but always discuss that with your health care provider first.
- Recommended vitamin D intake ranges from 600 IU (for adults up to age 70) to 800 IU (for adults over age 70), but osteoarthritis experts suggest at least 600 International Units (IU) daily. Use the following chart as a reference guide to meet your needs.
| Vitamin D Sources | IU |
| Cod liver oil, 1 Tbsp | 1,360 |
| Salmon, 3.5 oz | 360 |
| Mackerel, 3.5 oz | 345 |
| Tuna (canned), 3 oz | 200 |
| Sardines (canned), 1.75 oz | 250 |
| Milk, D-fortified, 1 cup | 100 |
| Egg (or egg yolk), 1 medium | 41 |
| Cereals, D-fortified, 1 cup | 40 |
| Vitamin D supplement | 200-400 |
To be continued
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